SALEM JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance has become a central determinant of corporate legitimacy, particularly in the post-2020 era when global disruptions and sustainability imperatives reshaped stakeholder expectations. This paper conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) of 23 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2025 to critically examine the relationship between ESG performance and corporate reputation, with an emphasis on emerging economies such as Nigeria. The findings reveal persistent conceptual ambiguities in defining and measuring reputation, with approaches ranging from stakeholder surveys to disclosure indices and market proxies. Empirical evidence generally supports a positive ESG–reputation linkage, though the strength and persistence of this relationship are contingent on mediating factors (e.g., transparency, stakeholder engagement, legitimacy) and moderating conditions (e.g., regulatory enforcement, industry visibility, firm size, governance quality). Sectoral and contextual differences are especially pronounced in Nigeria, where community-level pressures and weak regulatory enforcement shape reputation formation differently from developed markets. The review highlights gaps in methodological diversity, with quantitative approaches dominating while qualitative and mixed methods remain underutilized. Theoretically, stakeholder and legitimacy perspectives dominate, but recent contributions point to the need for integrating institutional and reputation capital theories to account for emerging market dynamics. The paper concludes by proposing a future research agenda that emphasizes multi-method triangulation, context-sensitive theoretical refinement, and hybrid measurement approaches capable of capturing both relational and market-based dimensions of reputation.

The study investigated liquidity management Measures of banks and capital formations in Nigeria covering the periods 1981 to 2023. Liquidity management was captured using liquidity ratio, loan-to-deposit ratio; treasury bills subscriptions by Deposit Money Banks and savings/deposit rate. Capital formations on the other hand was proxied by gross fixed capital formations (GFCF). Data on these variables were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ardl) approach to cointegration analysis was used to analyse the data. Results from statistical estimations revealed the existence of long run association between liquidity management measures of Deposit Money Banks and capital formations in Nigeria. The study further revealed that, short-run distortions can be significantly corrected in the long-run at the speed of 37.96 %. Based on results, it was advised that existing liquidity management measures adopted by banks should be sustained given its significant effects on capital formations in Nigeria. The said measures should further be deepened for optimum results viz-a-viz capital formations in Nigeria.

This paper examined the impact of Digital marketing on the performance of a few logistics companies in Osogbo. Specifically, the study examined how electronic marketing has affected the business over the years. The population of the study covered three logistics companies in Osogbo. The study used primary data obtained from the questionnaire that was administered. Convenience Sampling Technique was used and the data gathered was analyzed using descriptive statistics analysis. Thereafter, regression analysis was conducted. The results reveal that The Performance of Logistics company in Osogbo are based on their ability to manage and make use of online space as much as possible as they can and also that Social media marketing plays a lot of influence on the performance of Logistics company than any other medium that was researched in this research so far. The study recommended that the logistics company should try to keep on managing their online platforms and also looks for a more ways to capture more online space, Future researcher should try as much as possible to reach out to the logistics company through google form as majority of them are always busy during work time and lastly Logistics company should monitor the space at which their customer is forth coming and seek a way to maintain them and improve in other aspects of service delivery

This paper examined the impact of Digital marketing on the performance of a few logistics companies in Osogbo. Specifically, the study examined how electronic marketing has affected the business over the years. The population of the study covered three logistics companies in Osogbo. The study used primary data obtained from the questionnaire that was administered. Convenience Sampling Technique was used and the data gathered was analyzed using descriptive statistics analysis. Thereafter, regression analysis was conducted. The results reveal that The Performance of Logistics company in Osogbo are based on their ability to manage and make use of online space as much as possible as they can and also that Social media marketing plays a lot of influence on the performance of Logistics company than any other medium that was researched in this research so far. The study recommended that the logistics company should try to keep on managing their online platforms and also looks for a more ways to capture more online space, Future researcher should try as much as possible to reach out to the logistics company through google form as majority of them are always busy during work time and lastly Logistics company should monitor the space at which their customer is forth coming and seek a way to maintain them and improve in other aspects of service delivery.