JOURNAL OF AFRICAN CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH

JOURNAL OF AFRICAN CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH

ISSN: 9783-7967 Continuous 23 Articles

Editor: Imo State University
Imo State University | imsubiznessjournals@yahoo.com

Latest Articles

2025 Vol. 16, No. 2
PERCEPTION OF MODERN FUNDING STRATEGIES AND SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG THE YOUTHS IN OSOGBO, OSUN STATE
This article examines the Perception of Modern Funding Strategies and Sustainable , Entrepreneurship among the Youths in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria with the view to ascertain whether a significant positive relationship exists between the predictor and criterion variables. The Research  utilised a descriptive cross-sectional survey design while the Population of the Study involves  200 SMEs manned by young Entrepreneurs within the age range of 18-40 years of age in Oshogbo, Osun State which was selected using a simple random sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was used to gather data which was  measured on a five-point Likert scale with the following values: strongly agree (SA) = 5, agree (A) = 4, neutral (N) = 3, disagree (D) = 2, and strongly disagree (SD) = 1, with a total of twenty (20) items altogether.  The hypotheses formulated in this study was tested using multiple ordinary least squares regressions to determine if crowdfunding, P2P and fintech solutions are significant predictors of entrepreneurial sustainability at the 0.05 level of significance. The conclusion deduced  shows a significant positive relationship between the predictor and criterion variables. This means that a significant positive relationship  exists between Modern Funding Strategies and Sustainable Entrepreneurship among the Youth in Osogbo, Osun State. Therefore, Modern Funding Strategies such as Crowdfunding, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending and FinTech Solutions are highly recommended for Sustainable Entrepreneurship among the Youths in Osogbo, Osun State.
OWOLABI, SHERIFF ADESHINA, SALAMI, AKEEM OLARENWAJU PhD, AKINTAYO, AKINTUNDE AREMU, PhD, OYEKAN, MARVELLOUS ADETOLA
2025 Vol. 16, No. 1
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT GRADE AND STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE GRADE IN CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION IN OGBIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAYELSA STATE
The study investigate the relationship between continuous assessment grade and students academic peroformance in chemistry examination in Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State. The correlational research design was adopted for the study and a total of 118 students made up the population of the study. The study was guided by two research questions and two hypothesis. Date for study was analyzed using PPMC and the hypothesis was tested  0.5 level of significant. Findings revealed that, Continuous Assessment (CA) and Examination Grade (E) has positive relationship with student’s academic performance (r = .53). The result also showed that, male and female students have positive relationship with their academic performance (r = .22). Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers should be educated and encouraged on the need to take and administer continuous assessment in their teaching and learning process.
Akpomiemie Voke Lilian, Samuel O. Wagbara PhD
2025 Vol. 16, No. 1
THE CULTURAL IMPERATIVE: REENGINEERING WORK ATTITUDES FOR FUTURE-READY ORGANIZATIONS IN NIGERIA
In an increasingly unstable global environment, preparing organizations for the future is a crucial strategic necessity, especially in Nigeria, where specific socio-cultural characteristics create distinct problems and possibilities. This quantitative research examines the connections among cultural necessities, restructuring activities, job-related perspectives, and organizational preparedness for the future within the Nigerian setting. Information was gathered from 110 workers and supervisors through standardized surveys and examined utilizing multiple regression analysis. The outcomes strongly validated Hypothesis 1, demonstrating a noteworthy positive impact of cultural necessities on restructuring activities (R² = .822, B = 0.125, *p* = .008). Nevertheless, Hypothesis 2, which proposed an immediate impact of favorable job-related perspectives on organizational effectiveness, was not validated (B = 0.088, *p* = .374), implying a more intricate, indirect connection potentially influenced by multicollinearity. The conclusions highlight the significance of cultural harmonization as an indispensable element of effective organizational change in Nigeria. Suggestions involve incorporating cultural assessments for change projects and utilizing sophisticated statistical methods such as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to clarify the complex mechanisms through which job-related perspectives impact future-readiness.
JAKPA, GRACE UFUOMA
2025 Vol. 16, No. 1
Radio and Rural Development Programmes in Imo State: A Study of Ozisa 96.1FM Radio Station, Owerri
This study examines the influence radio and rural development programmes have on the residents of Imo State. Three objectives and three research questions were used. The study was anchored on Development Media theory. The survey research method was applied. The population of the study was 4,186,633 and with a sample size of 384 using Krejcie and Morgan’s (1970) sample size determination table. Furthermore, the study employed questionnaire and interview schedule as instruments for data collection. The study adopted the multi stage sampling techniques. The data generated through the questionnaire were categorised and represented in frequency tables, which were thereafter analysed using weighted mean score. It was discovered among other things that Imo state residents were fully exposed to Ozisa 96.1 FM development programmes. The level of exposure of Imo State residents on developmental programmeon Ozisa 96.1 FM was at a very high level. The study concludes that radio plays a key role in rural developmental programmes, not just in Imo State but in other parts of the world. Finally, the study recommends that the residents of Imo State should continue to expose themselves to Ozisa 96.1 FM developmental programmes, residents of Imo State should always expose themselves to developmental programmes to be knowledgeable about happenings in Imo State, Ozisa 96.1FM radio station should develop and maintain existing developmental programmes to keep the people abreast of happenings around their environment and equally to keep government on their toes, in delivering good governance to the people. 
Ukaegbu, M. I. (PhD), Onuegbu, A. B. C. (PhD), Wokoro, P. J. (PhD)
2025 Vol. 16, No. 2
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, SOCIAL SECURITY AND RESILIENCE AT WORK PLACE: (THE CASE OF INDORAMA IN ELEME LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA)
It is certain that environmental sustainability, social security and resilience in any organization is key in promoting and strengthening workers and employees relationships, improves productivity, enhances safety,  customers satisfaction and income generation.  The aim of the study is to examine how company’s policy on social security and environmental sustainability can develop, build and extending good hand of magnanimity to the unemployed retired staffers and host communities.  The methods applied by the researchers in this study consist of the primary and secondary sources which includes: personal interview, distribution of questionnaire consulting relevant company bulletin and newsletters.  Ten (10)  copies of questionnaire were distributed to twenty one (21) plants and departments in the company, amounting to two hundred and ten (210) copies altogether. At the point of collection only one hundred and eighty (180) was recovered.  Table and percentage method  Including SPSS was employed  for the analysis.  The study found out that, there is good relationships between environmental sustainability, social security and resilience at work place and recommending that, environmental matters be given to only environmental experts.
NAABURA, MACWILLIAM KINGDOM, NEEDAM YIINU BARISUA, BUMAA, NEEKA FELIX, ADOOH, LEGBORSI S. K., NEEBEE, BONNY
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
An Appraisal of The Politics of Global Security: The Experience of Africa Since 1960
This paper examined politics of global security and its implications on the Africa since 1960. The politics of global security in Africa is a complex and evolving landscape that warrants careful examination since a wholesome event here can create a swell effect on the global community. Politics, in its very nature, presents a complex web of issues that are seldom capable of causing a ripple effect on a global scale, particularly, when not handled with caution. Using the primary and secondary sources of data through a multidisciplinary approach to generate the required information, this study provides an overview of the multifaceted nature of Africa's security challenges and the intricate dynamics involving both global and regional actors. As regard theory, the study used the Security Dilemma and Good Governance theories to explain African security issues. The study revealed that Africa has experienced armed conflicts, terrorism, resource competition, and humanitarian disasters over the years as a result of external global influences due to balance of power struggle. The paper argued that that regional institutions like the African Union and ECOWAS has over the years helped to resolve conflicts and maintain peace with numerous challenges due to western influences. The study established that natural resources, particularly oil, minerals, and water, serve as both a source of wealth and conflict, while the rise of extremist groups adds to the region's security concerns due to their external linkages. The study concluded that addressing the root causes of conflicts, promoting good governance, and fostering sustainable development are central to finding lasting solutions to the continent's security challenges and recommended an indigenous mechanism to conflict management as a means to reduce security challenges in Africa.
Michael, B. T., Ph.D
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
The Effect of Corruption on Curriculum Implementation in Nigeria
Curriculum is the bed rock of education; it specifies the methods, instructional instruments and the pedagogy of transferring knowledge from the teacher to the learner. When a curriculum is poorly implemented, the educational system will fail, and its policies and objectives will not be achieved. The poor educational system of Nigeria, characterized by lack of instructional materials, academic manpower and adequate infrastructural facilities for learning informs the educational doom currently facing the nation. Many scholars have associated this to poor educational policies and implementation. However, this study takes a critical look at the effect of the national problem of corruption on the implementation of curriculum in Nigeria, considering it as the root cause of the decay in the educational system of the nation. Primary date was collected with a questionnaire and distributed to two institutions of higher learning in Bayelsa State. Using the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS), a regression and correlation coefficient analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results indicated an increase on the rate of corruption will lead to a more than average corresponding reduction on curriculum implementation. It is therefore recommended that financial accountability should be strongly entrenched in our educational systems.
Tupele-Ebi Enai Oyadonghan PhD, Tamunodienye Mba PhD
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
The Crisis of Illegal Migration in African and Security Challenges
The paper examines the impact of illegal migration in Africa and the security challenges this unofficial migration has posed in the form of trans-national border crimes such as the proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALWs), terrorism, human trafficking, slave trade, drug smuggling and peddling, etc. These transnational border crimes were given impetus as a result of the drive by young people to seek better sources of livelihood in Europe, Middle East, etc, in response to poor governance which is common place in the African continent. The paper suggests that African governments through their leaders should provide the people with good governance by providing them with basic infrastructures that will better their lots. This the paper says can be achieved through popular policies of the various African governments as well as deep and entrenching democracy so that issues of political unrest which contributes to insecurity and dwindling economy as the reason while young people migrate illegally to the West and other places can be checked. Also, the need for collaboration by African leaders with other regional leaders and international organizations to stem the tide was strongly advocated
Dr. Odike, Ebenzer Levi
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
The Impact of Traffic Congestion on Supply Chain Performance (A Case Study of Biswal Company Limited, Kano State)
This research investigated the impact of traffic congestion on supply chain performance. The primary purpose of the study is to examine the effect of road traffic congestion on the supply chain performance of Biswal Company Limited. Specifically, the study evaluated the causes of road traffic, assessed the effect of road traffic on supply chain performance, examined the effect of road traffic on customer service and assessed the effect of road traffic on productivity. The study adopted a case study survey research design. Findings from this study reveal that the correlation between road traffic congestion and supply chain performance is significant (r = 0.567), indicating a robust linear relationship. The R-squared value of 0.147 suggests that 14.7% of the variation in road traffic congestion can be explained by supply chain performance. The results indicated that road traffic congestion affected supply chain performance positively and significantly (F = 8.465, p = 0.005). There is also a significant correlation between the proxies. Based on these results, appropriate recommendations were made.
Ademola Benson Irinyemi
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
Career Self-Management and Employee Job Satisfaction in Selected Public Sector Organizations in South-South Nigeria
The study examined the effect of career self-management on employee job satisfaction in selected federal universities in South-South, Nigeria. The literature was segmented into four main sections namely; conceptual framework, theoretical framework, theoretical exposition and empirical review. However, the theoretical exposition was highlighted to reflect the specific objectives of the study being the main body of the literature. The study was designed as a descriptive survey for the purpose of generalizing the results for the entire population of interest. From the population of 6433 non-teaching staff identified from the selected universities in the South-South region, Nigeria, 1236 sample was estimated for the study. The main tools of analysis were frequency distribution and multiple regression analysis. All tests were based on 0.05 level of significance. Major findings from the study indicate that career self-management goal characteristics and career self-management strategies has significant and positive effect on employee job satisfaction in the organization. It was concluded that employees who are involved in goal orientation and strategic career management gain significant satisfaction from their jobs. The study recommended among others that employees should be encouraged to play more significant roles in their career by guiding them on the process of attaining career goal and by incorporating individual career management ideology in its personnel management policy
Itoya Joy Ph.D
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
An Examination of The Role of Judges in Interpretation of Statute to Discover the Intention of The Legislature: Myth or Reality.
The legislature makes the law but it is the role of judges to interpret the words of legislature. The judges in the course of interpreting the law have a measure of discretion and creative power in the manner in which they interpret law. Legislature can include words that have more than one meaning or words whose meaning changes depending on its context. It can lead to a lack of clarity or precision and the language or words used can create obscurity, ambiguity, meaningless and failing to achieve the purpose which it is aimed simply through being badly drafted. As a result, judges need to provide legislation with effective meaning through interpretation which can be restrictive, literal, permissive and purposive. Language is indeterminate and innately vulnerable to the unsettling play of deconstructive forces. It is argued that words have no essential meaning, instead, words are constantly shifting variable with capacity to impede communication and derail the interpretive processes. This raises the obvious question whether judges their duty of interpretation of statute to discover the intention of the legislature, is a myth or realty
Joel Drisu Umaru
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
Evaluation Of Salary, Wage Management and Performance: A Study of Ebonyi State Civil Service Nigeria (2018-2024)
Salary, wage and performance have been identified as one of the most important area and greater expense of any organization. The main objective of evaluation of salary, wage management and performance: A study of Ebonyi State Civil Service Nigeria (2018-2024) is aimed at evaluating the impact of salary, wage and performance, to identify the problems that are militating against salary and wage in an organization. The study attempts to discuss some of the factors that can promote productivity in an organization, adequate budgetary, planning, human training, increment etc. The question now is: what extent can effective salaries management impact on worker’s productivity in Ebonyi State Civil Service? The sample survey method was adopted. In study, the researcher used two theories: wage fund theory by Adam Smith in (1846) that emphasised on the workers payment of wage that can enhance productivity and subsistence theory by David Richard in the year (1975), he emphasised on the market price of labour and productivity, seeing workers basic needs as important. This study recommended among others, that salaries and wages of employees should be promptly paid as and when due to avoid low morale in the service
Dr M. C. N. Ihemadu, Olumba Chinwendu Precious
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
Application of the Doctrine of Stare Decisis in The Court of Appeal and Supreme Court of Nigeria: Problems and Prospects
The importance of stare decisis in the legal system of Nigeria is obvious. That stare decisis properly applied contributes to certainty in the law (amongst other benefits) as an indispensable attribute of justice is also not in dispute. However, the application of the doctrine of stare decisis by Nigerian courts, particularly the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court is fraught with uncertainties arising from conflict in principles. This is a very serious impediment in the use of stare decisis to attain an egalitarian society. The Supreme Court thus needs take the lead in ensuring consistency in its decisions generally and laying down clearly, principles applicable in the area of stare decisis. Prevention is, definitely and indisputably better than cure
Joel Drisu Umaru (Ph.D) Bl.
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
Voters’ Apathy and Electoral Processes and Outcomes in Nigeria: An Examination of Unresolved Issues.
This study examined the relationship that existed between voters’ apathy and electoral processes and outcomes in Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine whether any relationship existed between voters’ apathy and electoral outcomes in Nigeria. The theoretical frameworks adopted for the study were the Rational Choice theory and the Political Alienation theory. The study used descriptive research method to describe characteristics of the population being studied. It aimed to accurately and systematically describe the phenomenon of voters’ apathy in Nigeria’s elections. Voters’ apathy means a general decline in citizen’s involvement in the political activities of a particular country. Causes of voters’ apathy according to this study included the belief by voters that all political candidates are the same in deceit, lack of political accountability by the politicians, failed promises of political leaders, corruption, violence, lack of proper mobilization of the electorates for election, lack of credible leaders, security challenges during election and lack of faith in the electoral umpire by the voters. The effect of voters’ apathy was such that it could sharply reduce the number of people whose voices are heard in an election. It was concluded from the study that government should restore the confidence of the voters during elections by ensuring that their votes actually counted. Finally, it was recommended among others that voters’ education be aggressively pursued along with the de-monetization of the voting process in Nigeria. The study would be a further contribution to de-escalate the despicable incident of voters’ apathy in Nigeria.
Anietie E. Ekang, Ph.D, Judah Akwatang
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
Effect Of Recruitment and Selection on Employees’ Turnover of Nigerian Breweries Plc Awommama, Imo State
The goal of this study is to look at how recruitment and selection affect employee turnover. The researcher used five research questions and hypotheses.  The study's methodology was survey-based, with the questionnaire serving as the primary data collection technique. The data collected was presented as a percentage and examined using correlation analysis. The results indicated that there is a strong association between recruiting and employee turnover, since the calculated value of r, 1.15, was greater than 0.5. Selection is significantly related to employee turnover, as the calculated value of r, 1.1345, is greater than 0.5, hence the researcher accepted the alternative hypothesis while rejecting the null hypothesis. There is a strong association between placement and employee turnover, as indicated by the estimated value of r, 0.5, and the researcher accepted the alternative hypothesis. Recruitment is substantially associated to absenteeism, as indicated by the r-value of 0.591, which is greater than 0.5. There is a substantial relationship between selection and employee absenteeism; because the value of r, 1.0410, was greater than 0.5, the researcher accepted the alternate hypothesis. Based on the findings, the study suggests that human resource departments, particularly Nigerian Breweries plc, place a greater emphasis on the recruiting process by promoting available vacancies through various modes of communication in order to attract the suitable personnel. In other words, the positions should be open to everyone rather than limited to specific individuals. They should understand that the recruitment process should be conducted in a free and fair manner.
Ozims Ekwutosi
2024
Intellectual Stimulation on Employees’ Innovation Skills of Selected Manufacturing Firms in South East, Nigeria.
This study investigated the intellectual stimulation on employees’ innovation skills of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to examine the effect of intellectual stimulation on employees’ innovation skills of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria, evaluate the effect of inspirational motivation on employees’ commitment of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria and determine the degree to which individualized consideration boost employees’ job satisfaction of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design and primary data was mainly used to obtain accurate data based on the opinion of the respondents and supported by reviews of information from secondary sources for validation. The target population of two thousand, three hundred and fifty-one (2,351) obtained from the fifteen (15) selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria. The sample size of three hundred and forty-two (342) respondents was derived from Taro Yamane formula. Therefore, a total of three hundred and forty-two (342) copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the various manufacturing firms. Out of this number, fifty-six (56) copies of questionnaire were lost/wrongly filled with percentage ratio of 16.6% while two hundred and eighty-six (286) copies of questionnaire were correctly filled and returned with percentage ratio of 83.4%, which formed the basis of the study. To test the hypotheses of this study, the study adopted simple regression model, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson Correlation Coefficient of SPSS Version 22. From the result of the findings, the study indicated that intellectual stimulation has a significant effect on employees’ innovation skills of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria (R2 = 83.0%, t-value = 4.161** at 5 percent significant level) and that inspirational motivation has a significant effect on employees’ commitment of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria ((R2 = 80.5%, t-value = 3.491** at 5 percent significant level). Also that  individualized consideration boost employees’ job satisfaction of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria (f- statistics = 486.133, mean square = 47.641 with p- value = 0.000< 0.05% significance level) From the results of the hypotheses testing, the study concluded that intellectual stimulation has a significant effect on employees’ innovation skills, inspirational motivation has a significant effect on employees’ commitment, individualized consideration boost employees’ job satisfaction, idealized influence enhances employees’ motivation while there is a positive and significant relationship between transformational leadership style and firms’ creativity of selected manufacturing firms in South East, Nigeria. The study recommended that Management of the selected manufacturing firms should regularly work on enhancing the еmployееs morale with inspirational words and actions as these will develop еmployееs strong sense of confidence to work harder towards achieving better organizational performance.
Onuoha, M. Ikechukwu,, Prof. Emerole, G.A., Okebaram, S.M. (Ph.D)
2024 Vol. 15, No. 1
Financial Inclusion, Macroeconomic Stability and Poverty Allevaition in Nigeria
The study empirically evaluates how financial inclusion and macroeconomic stability affect poverty reduction in Nigeria from 2009 to 2023. Specifically, the study considered how bank account per head, inflation rate, number of bank branches, and bank loans to rural dwellers influence poverty index. Data came from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, the World Bank database, and the National Bureau of Statistics. The study employed the descriptive statistics, unit root, and ARDL techniques at the 5% significant level. The unit root test revealed that the variables had mixed stationarity; necessitating the ARDL F-bound test the shows the absence of long-run form. The findings show that bank loans to rural dwellers is positive and significant to poverty index, inflation rate is positive but insignificant to poverty index, and number of bank branches and bank account per head are negative and insignificant to poverty index in Nigeria. The research concludes that the number of bank accounts per person is the primary factor of financial inclusion that has a substantial impact on the poverty index in Nigeria. Therefore, the research recommends that banks should lower the lending rates and collateral requirements for rural residents in order to enhance financial inclusion and simultaneously alleviate poverty in Nigeria.
OLOLADE SIKIRU ONIYIDE, EBELE P. IFIONU, GODFREY O. OMOJEFE
2022 Vol. 13, No. 1
THE EFFECT OF CORRUPTION ON CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION
Curriculum is the bed rock of education; it specifies the methods, instructional instruments and the pedagogy of transferring knowledge from the teacher to the learner. When a curriculum is poorly implemented, the educational system will fail, and its policies and objectives will not be achieved. The poor educational system of Nigeria, characterized by lack of instructional materials, academic manpower and adequate infrastructural facilities for learning informs the educational doom currently facing the nation. Many scholars have associated this to poor educational policies and implementation. However, this study takes a critical look at the effect of the national problem of corruption on the implementation of curriculum in Nigeria, considering it as the root cause of the decay in the educational system of the nation. Primary date was collected with a questionnaire and distributed to two institutions of higher learning in Bayelsa State. Using the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS), a regression and correlation coefficient analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results indicated an increase on the rate of corruption will lead to a more than average corresponding reduction on curriculum implementation. It is therefore recommended that financial accountability should be strongly entrenched in our educational systems
TUPELE-EBI ENAI OYADONGHAN PhD., TAMUNODIENYE MBA PhD.
2022 Vol. 13, No. 1
FLIPPED CLASSROOM MODEL OF BLENDED LEARNING AND SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE WRITING SKILLS IN RIVERS EAST SENATORIAL ZONE, RIVERS STATE
This study was conducted to investigate flipped classroom model of blended learning and Senior Secondary School Students’ (SSI) Performance in English Language writing skills in Rivers East Senatorial Zone, Rivers State. Three objectives, three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The research design used for this study was quasi-experimental research design. The population consisted of fifteen thousand eight hundred and twenty six (15,826) (SSI) students in public senior secondary schools in Rivers-East senatorial zone. A Sample size of eight hundred (800) students was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was English Language Performance Test on Writing (ELPTW), validated by two experts in English Language department. The reliability of the instrument was established with test retest method and the scores were correlated using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and a coefficient of 0.76 was obtained. Descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation was used to analyses the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that the flipped classroom model of blended learning made the students at a posttest stage to have greater effect than the pretest stage in the use of English Language writing skills. There is significant difference in pretest posttest scores of students in flipped classroom model of blended learning made of the students at a posttest stage showed a greater effect than the pretest stage in the use of grammar, vocabulary, and punctuation. The study concluded that there is significant difference in the pretest posttest of flipped classroom blended learning and conventional method; hence the null hypothesis was rejected. Flipped classroom model leads to academic achievement because it encourages students’ engagement, boost collaboration among students and critical thinking ability in English language writing skills. It was recommended that: parents should encourage their children by providing enabling environment for study at home so as to attain to their assignments, task and online materials before the main classes at school, Ministry of education should share free computers and other electronic system as it brings good result in student's studying abilities and academic performance.
JULIET OLUCHI OKORO, PhD
2022 Vol. 13, No. 1
EXPLORING SEVEN COUNSELING THEORIES AND THE ROLE OF COUNSELOR
A counselor’s approach is a reflection of his/her training and coaching philosophy. For instance, a counselor trained in behaviorism will view a client’s behavior as a function of reward and punishment systems. Behavioral counselors primarily focus on how a person’s behavior is impacted by environmental factors, as opposed to thoughts or unconscious motivations. More so, counseling approaches are differentiated by how counselors interact with clients in the counseling session. For instance, client-centered counselors tend to focus on a client’s innate goodness and use a non-directive style of interaction. Generally speaking, counseling approaches are guided by theories of counseling. Undoubtedly, the effectiveness of counseling depends largely on the application of theories so as to ensure that the right principles and procedures are adopted and followed when engaging in the business of assisting a client. However, the focus of this article was to explore seven theories of counseling, namely: Psychoanalytical Theory by Sigmund Freud, Client-Centered Theory by Carl Rogers, Rational Emotive Behavioral Theory (REBT) otherwise known as ABC of Psychotherapy, developed by Albert Ellis, Theory of Existentialism by Jean-Paul Sartre and others, Gestalt Therapy popularized by Fritz Perls, Behavioral Theory by John O. Krumboltz and others, and Reality Therapy propounded by William Glasser. The role of counselor in each of the seven counseling theories was also highlighted in this article by the authors.
HANSON MANUABUCHI UKAEGBU PhD, EDYTH KARIBO AMACHREE PhD
2022 Vol. 13, No. 1
CULTURE OF FAMILY IDEALS AND PERCEIVED SUBJUGATING POSITIONS OF WOMEN IN PATRIARCHY SOCIETY: THE WAY FORWARD
Qualitatively, this article sought to examines the essence of family ideals and the perceived subjugating positions of women in patriarchy society. Patriarchy has been a cultural issue to grapple with in our contemporary society. The paper intends to place male dominance as a trigger factor for domestic violence within a theoretical framework which shows that it is not an individual problem but rather a social one. This is why this research is not only apt and timely, but also appropriate. Phenomenological design was adopted for this study. The research sought to answer the following questions: (1) what are the position of women in the family?; (2) what are the position of women in the workplace?; and (3) what are the position of women in the church?. The population was made up of married men and women in the Effutu municipality of Central Region of Ghana. The population for the study consisted of thirty people, which were made up of fifteen females and fifteen males from five communities within the municipality. The five communities were conveniently selected. Purposive sampling technique was employed in selecting the population for the study. The criteria for the selection were (1) married men and women, (2) households having permanent residence of couples, (3) gainfully employed and (4) being church goers. This research is delimited to male domineering of women in the areas of households, workplace and the church. It is further delimited to selected communities in the Effutu Municipality of the Central Region of Ghana. Qualitatively, outcomes from the interviews, observation and domestic violence data from Domestic Violence and Victims Support Unit (DOVVSU) at the municipal police headquarters, Winneba were analyse based on strands of themes arrived at. It was revealed that family ideals are controlled and shrouded in patriarchal and men benefit at the expense of women. In the family, while men are seen as the head and independent, most women are not independent. They rely on men for upkeep because they have either become house wives or are not gainfully employed. Based on the findings it was recommended that, women should form caucuses and networks within professional organizations and academic disciplines to pressure for changes in internal policies and priorities. Women’s studies programmes should be established in universities and there should also be creation of serious academic journals focused on gender and women empowerment
SHIRLEY DANKWA
2021 Vol. 12, No. 2
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF PARTICULATE MATTER FROM GAS FLARES AROUND THE ENVIRONS OF IGWURUTA COMMUNITY, RIVERS STATE
This study assesses the effect of particulate matter from gas flares around the environs of Igwuruta community, Rivers State. The study employed a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD). Ambient air quality measurements were conducted across four (4) stations using instruments such as the Aeroqual 500 Series Gas Monitor, GT 321 Particulate Meter, Automated GPS, Extech Meteorology Meter, and a measuring tape to assess pollutant levels in the surrounding environment. The study revealed that PM₂.₅ (85.4 mg/m²/day) and PM₁₀ (145.6 mg/m²/day) deposition rates are highest at Station A (100m upstream), indicating intense atmospheric fallout of particulates onto the soil surface. Also, PM₂.₅ (50.8 mg/m²/day) and PM₁₀ (90.5 mg/m²/day) levels dropped at Station C (500 m), indicating reduced contamination with distance. While PM₂.₅ (0.020 mg/L) and PM₁₀ (0.040 mg/L) levels dropped slightly above WHO limits at Station D (Control - 1000 meters away), showing distance reduces pollution impact. Hence, the study concludes that the environs around the Agbada flow station is polluted with particulate matter pollutants. The study recommended, among others, that trees should be planted to absorb the excess concentration of CO2 around the environs of the Agbada flow station, alongside high temperature resistant plants like Lantana should be planted in the communities bordering the Agbada flow station with high intensity of temperatures.
AMAECHI-ONYERIMMA, C. A., ONUGHA, A. C.
2021 Vol. 12, No. 1
PREDICTIVE VALIDITY OF VARIABLES OF ABSENTEEISM ON SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
This study examines the predictive validity of variables of absenteeism on senior secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlational research design. A sample of 936 respondents comprising 288 and 648 Biology teachers and students respectively were selected from 72 public senior secondary schools across six (6) randomly selected Local Government Areas in Rivers State. A 20-item self-structured instrument titled “Predictive Validity of Variables of Absenteeism Questionnaire” (PVVAQ) and 50-item “Biology Achievement Test” (BAT) with reliability coefficients of 0.874 and 0.861 respectively necessitated their use for collecting data analyzed using regression analysis. The study revealed p-values of .000*, .000*, and .050* which indicated that the predictors of absenteeism like school refusal, school withdrawal and early leaving respectively significantly contributed to determine senior secondary school students’ achievement in Biology in Rivers State. The study recommended that school administrators and supervisors should regularly monitor and ensure that Biology teachers class conduct aligns with the ethos of the profession such as teaching, assessment, counselling and discipline in order to avoid students becoming idle that would predispose them to unruliness, truancy and absenteeism that affects academic achievement in Biology.
AMAECHI-ONYERIMMA, C. N. (PhD)

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